HIV Associated Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Study And Literature Review
Keywords:
HIV-associated lymphoma, Aggressive B-cell lymphoma, Antiretroviral therapy, Immunohistochemistry, Chemotherapy, Central nervous system involvement, HIV/AIDSAbstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lymphomas remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Aggressive B-cell lymphomas may present with extranodal involvement, constitutional symptoms, and multiple co-morbidities, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor outcomes. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are essential for improving survival. The management of lymphoma in HIV rests on three key pillars Combined antiretroviral therapy cART, supportive care and chemoimmunotherapy.
References
1. Berhan A, Bayleyegn B, Getaneh Z. HIV/AIDS Associated Lymphoma: Review. Blood Lymphat Cancer. 2022;12:31-45. doi:10.2147/BLCTT.S361320
2. Wang C, Liu J and Liu Y. Progress in the Treatment of HIV-Associated Lymphoma When Combined With the Antiretroviral Therapies. Front. Oncol.2011;11:798008. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.798008
3. Wu D, Chen C, Zhang M, Li Z, Wang S, Shi J, et al. The clinical features and prognosis of 100 AIDS-related lymphoma cases. Sci Rep. 2019;9:5381. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41869-9
4. Czepiel J, Kluba-Wojewoda U, Biesiada G, Mach T, Garlicki A. The case of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a course of HIV. HIV AIDS Rev. 2010;9(1):22-25. doi.org/10.1016/S1730-1270(10)60095-1
5. Straista M, Caccuri F, Arnaut N, Caruso A, Slevin M. Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches. Cells. 2025;14(10):705. doi:10.3390/cells14100705
6. Hübel K, Bower M, Aurer I, Bastos-Oreiro M, Besson C, Brunnberg U et al. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphomas: EHA–ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Annals of Oncology, 2024; 35, 840-859
7. Khwaja J, Burns JE, Ahmed N, Cwynarski K. HIV-associated lymphoma—advances in clinical management. Ann Lymphoma 2021;5:26. doi: 10.21037/aol-21-16
8. Liu Y, Li J, Liu Y. HIV-Associated Lymphomas: Updates from Pathogenesis to Treatment Strategies. Curr HIV Res. Published online September 4, 2025. doi:10.2174/011570162X367092250901062629 Accessed 2026Apr2
9. Kalambi-Matengu EN, Botsile E. HIV and Lymphoma. In: Advances in Hematological Malignancies. IntechOpen; 2024. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.115534
10. Atallah-Yunes SA, Murphy DJ, Noy A. HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma. Lancet Haematol. 2020;7(8):e594-e600.
11. Huguet M, Navarro JT, Moltó J, Ribera JM, Tapia G. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the HIV Setting. Cancers (Basel). 2023;15(12):3191. doi:10.3390/cancers15123191
12. Xiong Y, Liu W, Chen X, Mo P, Xiong Y, Deng L et al. Survival of HIV associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma in China. Sci Rep;2024;14(1):30397. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80749-9
13. Noy A. Optimizing treatment of HIV-associated lymphoma. Blood. 2019;134(17):1385-1394. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-01-791400
14. Magangane PS, Mohamed Z, Naidoo R. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, low-resource setting. S. Afr. j. oncol. 2020;4(0), a104. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajo.v4i0.104